A breakdown of the CSEC Biology exam format, weighting, and strategy.

The five kingdoms, ecological terms, biotic and abiotic factors, habitats, niches, limiting factors, and ecological sampling methods.

Producers, consumers, decomposers, trophic levels, food chains, food webs, ecological pyramids, and bioaccumulation.

Mutualism, parasitism, commensalism, predator-prey adaptations, nutrient cycles, population growth, limiting factors, and carrying capacity.

Human impact on ecosystems, natural resources, deforestation, pollution, climate change, recycling, conservation, and ecological investigations.

Cell structure and organelles, plant vs animal cells, cell specialisation, diffusion, osmosis, active transport, and surface area to volume ratio.

Autotrophic, heterotrophic, and saprophytic nutrition, photosynthesis, leaf structure, limiting factors, and mineral nutrition in plants.

Nutrients and their functions, food tests, tooth structure, the alimentary canal, enzymes, absorption in the small intestine, and balanced diet requirements.

Aerobic and anaerobic respiration, ATP, the breathing mechanism, gas exchange surfaces, gaseous exchange in plants, and the effects of smoking.

Why transport systems are needed, the double circulatory system, heart structure, blood vessels, blood components, and immunity and vaccination.